This phantom simulates a contrast medium enhanced head in arterial phase (CT angiography). The neck and upper thorax are included up to the aortic arch and the fifth thoracic vertebra.
The vertex is included until approximately 0.5 cm below skin level. The thoracic phantom section excludes shoulder and back parts that are typically not part of CTA examinations.

The internal carotid artery has calcifications on both sides with moderate stenosis on the right side. Otherwise, the phantom has no significant vascular pathologies.
The phantom can be used in CT (including CBCT) to evaluate and optimize CTA imaging performance and post-processing applications such as vessel segmentation, including AI-enabled applications. It is also nicely suited for training purposes.
The phantom provides a detailed and realistic simulation of vascular structures, soft and bone tissues. Air voids are filled with a cellulose-polymer composite of approx. -160 HU.

Diagnostic features
• Realistic simulation of head and neck vessels up to the aortic arch, bone and soft tissues.
• Calcifications of the internal carotid artery at the carotid bifurcation on both sides with mild stenosis on the right side.